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<ul>
  <li class="AfghantediaList"><a href="Afghanistan.shtml" name="0001" id="0001"><small><font color="#0000FF"><u>Introduction</u></font></small></a></li>
  <li class="AfghantediaList"><small>Physical and human geography</small></li>
  <ul>
    <li class="AfghantediaList"><small>THE LAND</small></li>
    <ul>
      <li class="AfghantediaList"><a href="Relief.shtm" name="0004" id="0004"><small><font color="#0000FF"><u>Relief.</u></font></small></a></li>
      <li class="AfghantediaList"><a href="Drainage.shtm" name="0005" id="0005"><small><font color="#0000FF"><u>Drainage.</u></font></small></a></li>
      <li class="AfghantediaList"><a href="Soils.shtm" name="0006" id="0006"><small><font color="#0000FF"><u>Soils.</u></font></small></a></li>
      <li class="AfghantediaList"><a href="../pages/Climate.shtm" name="0007" id="0007"><small><font color="#0000FF"><u>Climate.</u></font></small></a></li>
      <li class="AfghantediaList"><a href="PlantAndAnimalLife.shtm" name="0008" id="0008"><small><font color="#0000FF"><u>Plant 
        and animal life.</u></font></small></a></li>
      <li class="AfghantediaList"><a href="SettlementPatterns.shtm" name="0009" id="0009"><small><font color="#0000FF"><u>Settlement 
        patterns.</u></font></small></a></li>
      <ul style="margin-bottom: 0">
        <li class="AfghantediaList"><a href="SettlementPatterns.shtm#Urban settlement."><small><font color="#0000FF"><u>Urban 
          settlement.</u></font></small></a></li>
        <li class="AfghantediaList"><a href="SettlementPatterns.shtm#Rural settlement."><small><font color="#0000FF"><u>Rural 
          settlement.</u></font></small></a></li>
      </ul>
    </ul>
    <li class="AfghantediaList"><small>THE PEOPLE</small></li>
    <ul>
      <li class="AfghantediaList"><a href="EthnolinguisticGroups.shtm" name="0013" id="0013"><small><font color="#0000FF"><u>Ethno 
        linguistic groups.</u></font></small></a></li>
      <li class="AfghantediaList"><a href="Religion.shtm" name="0014" id="0014"><small><font color="#0000FF"><u>Religion.</u></font></small></a></li>
      <li class="AfghantediaList"><a href="DemographicTrends.shtm" name="0015" id="0015"><small><font color="#0000FF"><u>Demographic 
        trends.</u></font></small></a></li>
    </ul>
    <li class="AfghantediaList"><small><a href="TheEconomy.shtm"><font color="#0000FF"><u>THE 
      ECONOMY</u></font></a></small></li>
    <ul>
      <li class="AfghantediaList"><a href="Economy.Management.shtm" name="0017" id="0017"><small><font color="#0000FF"><u>Management 
        of the economy.</u></font></small></a></li>
      <li class="AfghantediaList"><a href="Resources.shtm" name="0018" id="0018"><small><font color="#0000FF"><u>Resources.</u></font></small></a></li>
      <ul>
        <li class="AfghantediaList"><small><a href="Resources.shtm#mineral resources"><font color="#0000FF"><u>Mineral 
          resources.</u></font></a></small></li>
        <li class="AfghantediaList"><small><a href="Resources.shtm#biological resources"><font color="#0000FF"><u>Biological 
          resources.</u></font></a></small></li>
        <li class="AfghantediaList"><small><a href="Resources.shtm#biological resources"><font color="#0000FF"><u>Power 
          resources.</u></font></a></small></li>
      </ul>
      <li class="AfghantediaList"><a href="Agriculture.shtm" name="0022" id="0022"><small><font color="#0000FF"><u>Agriculture.</u></font></small></a></li>
      <li class="AfghantediaList"><a href="Industry.shtm" name="0023" id="0023"><small><font color="#0000FF"><u>Industry.</u></font></small></a></li>
      <li class="AfghantediaList"><a href="Finance.shtm" name="0024" id="0024"><small><font color="#0000FF"><u>Finance.</u></font></small></a></li>
      <li class="AfghantediaList"><a href="Trade.shtm" name="0025" id="0025"><small><font color="#0000FF"><u>Trade.</u></font></small></a></li>
      <li class="AfghantediaList"><a href="Transportation.shtm" name="0026" id="0026"><small><font color="#0000FF"><u>Transportation.</u></font></small></a></li>
    </ul>
    <li class="AfghantediaList"><small>ADMINISTRATION AND SOCIAL CONDITIONS</small></li>
    <ul>
      <li class="AfghantediaList"><a href="../pages/Government.shtm"><small><font color="#0000FF"><u>Government.</u></font></small></a></li>
      <li class="AfghantediaList"><a href="../pages/ArmedForces.Education.shtm"><small><font color="#0000FF"><u>Armed 
        forces.</u></font></small></a></li>
      <li class="AfghantediaList"><a href="../pages/ArmedForces.Education.shtm"><small><font color="#0000FF"><u>Education.</u></font></small></a></li>
      <li class="AfghantediaList"><a href="../pages/HealthAndWelfare.shtm"><small><font color="#0000FF"><u>Health 
        and welfare.</u></font></small></a></li>
      <li class="AfghantediaList"><a href="../pages/SocialDivisions.shtm"><small><font color="#0000FF"><u>Social 
        divisions.</u></font></small></a></li>
    </ul>
    <li class="AfghantediaList"><a href="../pages/CulturalLife.shtm" name="0033" id="0033"><small><font color="#0000FF"><u>CULTURAL 
      LIFE</u></font></small></a></li>
  </ul>
  <li class="AfghantediaList"><a href="../pages/History.Intro.shtm" name="0034" id="0034"><small><font color="#0000FF"><u>History</u></font></small></a></li>
  <ul style="margin-bottom: 0">
    <li class="AfghantediaList"><small>PREHISTORY</small></li>
    <li class="AfghantediaList"><small>Historical Beginnings (To the 
      7th Century AD)</small></li>
    <ul>
      <li class="AfghantediaList"><small><a href="../pages/HistoricalBeginnings.shtm"><u><font color="#0000FF">The 
        Achaemenians and the Greeks.</font></u></a></small></li>
      <li class="AfghantediaList"><small><a href="../pages/Dynasty.Kushan.shtm"><u><font color="#0000FF">The 
        Kushans.</font></u></a></small></li>
      <li class="AfghantediaList"><small><a href="../pages/SasaniansAndHephthalites.shtm"><u><font color="#0000FF">The 
        Sasanians and Hephthalites.</font></u></a></small></li>
    </ul>
    <li class="AfghantediaList"><a href="../pages/History.MedievalPeriod.shtm"><small><u><font color="#0000FF">Medieval 
      Period (7th - 18th Century)</font></u></small></a></li>
    <ul>
      <li class="AfghantediaList"><small><a href="../pages/Dynasty.FirstMuslim.shtm"><u><font color="#0000FF">The 
        first Muslim dynasties.</font></u></a></small></li>
      <ul>
        <li class="AfghantediaList"><small><a href="../pages/Dynasty.FirstMuslim.shtm#The Ghaznavids"><u><font color="#0000FF">The 
          Ghaznavids.</font></u></a></small></li>
        <li class="AfghantediaList"><small><a href="../pages/Dynasty.FirstMuslim.shtm#The Ghurids"><u><font color="#0000FF">The 
          Ghurids.</font></u></a></small></li>
        <li class="AfghantediaList"><small><a href="../pages/Dynasty.FirstMuslim.shtm#The Khwarezm-Shahs"><u><font color="#0000FF">The 
          Khwarezm-Shahs.</font></u></a></small></li>
      </ul>
      <li class="AfghantediaList"><small><a href="../pages/TheMongolInvasion.shtm"><u><font color="#0000FF">The 
        Mongol invasion.</font></u></a></small></li>
      <li class="AfghantediaList"><small><a href="../pages/Dynasty.LaterMedieval.shtm"><u><font color="#0000FF">Later 
        medieval dynasties.</font></u></a></small></li>
    </ul>
    <li class="AfghantediaList"><small><a href="../pages/History.LastAfghanEmpire.shtm#last afghan empire"><u><font color="#0000FF">LAST 
      AFGHAN EMPIRE</font></u></a></small></li>
    <ul>
      <li class="AfghantediaList"><a href="../pages/History.LastAfghanEmpire.shtm#overthrow of foreign rule"><small><u><font color="#0000FF">Overthrow 
        of foreign rule.</font></u></small></a></li>
      <ul>
        <li class="AfghantediaList"><a href="../pages/History.LastAfghanEmpire.shtm#the hotakis"><small><u><font color="#0000FF">The 
          Hotakis.</font></u></small></a></li>
        <li class="AfghantediaList"><a href="../pages/History.LastAfghanEmpire.shtm#nader shah"><small><u><font color="#0000FF">Nader 
          Shah.</font></u></small></a></li>
      </ul>
      <li class="AfghantediaList"><small><a href="../pages/Dynasty.Durrani.shtm"><u><font color="#0000FF">The 
        Durrani dynasty.</font></u></a></small></li>
      <ul>
        <li class="AfghantediaList"><small><a href="../pages/Dynasty.Durrani.shtm#Zaman Shah"><u><font color="#0000FF">Zaman 
          Shah (1793-1800).</font></u></a></small></li>
        <li class="AfghantediaList"><small><a href="../pages/Dynasty.Durrani.shtm#Shah Mahmud"><u><font color="#0000FF">Shah 
          Mahmud (1800-03; 1809-18).</font></u></a></small></li>
        <li class="AfghantediaList"><small><a href="../pages/Dynasty.Durrani.shtm#Shah Shoja"><u><font color="#0000FF">Shah 
          Shoja' (1803-09; 1839-42).</font></u></a></small></li>
      </ul>
      <li class="AfghantediaList"><small><a href="../pages/Dynasty.Barakzay.shtm"><u><font color="#0000FF">The 
        rise of the Barakzay.</font></u></a></small></li>
      <ul>
        <li class="AfghantediaList"><small><a href="../pages/Personalities.DostMohammadKhan.shtm"><u><font color="#0000FF">Dost 
          Mohammad (1826-39; 1843-63).</font></u></a></small></li>
        <li class="AfghantediaList"><small><a href="../pages/Personalities.ShirAliKhan.shtm"><u><font color="#0000FF">Shir 
          'Ali (1863-66; 1868-79).</font></u></a></small></li>
        <li class="AfghantediaList"><small><u><font color="#0000FF">Ya'qub 
          Khan (1879).</font></u></small></li>
      </ul>
      <li class="AfghantediaList"><small><a href="../pages/ModernAfghanistanPersonalities.shtm"><font color="#0000FF"><u>Modern 
        Afghanistan.</u></font></a></small></li>
      <ul style="margin-bottom: 0">
        <li class="AfghantediaList"><small><a href="../pages/ModernAfghanistanPersonalities.shtm"><font color="#0000FF"><u>Abdor
          Rahman Khan (1880-1901).</u></font></a></small></li>
        <li class="AfghantediaList"><small><a href="../pages/HabibollahKhan.shtm"><font color="#0000FF"><u>Habibollah 
          Khan (1901-19).</u></font></a></small></li>
        <li class="AfghantediaList"><small><a href="../pages/Personalities.AmanollahKhan.shtm"><font color="#0000FF"><u>Amanollah 
          (1919-29).</u></font></a></small></li>
        <li class="AfghantediaList"><small>Mohammad Nader Shah (1929-33).</small></li>
        <li class="AfghantediaList"><small><a href="../pages/Personalities.MohammadZahirShah.shtm"><u><font color="#0000FF">Mohammad 
          Zahir Shah (1933-73).</font></u></a></small></li>
      </ul>
    </ul>
    <li class="AfghantediaList"><small>AFGHANISTAN SINCE 1973</small></li>
    <ul style="margin-bottom: 0">
      <li class="AfghantediaList"><small>The Republic of Afghanistan 
        (1973-78).</small></li>
      <li class="AfghantediaList"><small><a href="../pages/SovietsinAfghanistan.shtm"><font color="#0000FF"><u>The 
        Soviets in Afghanistan</u></font></a></small></li>
      <li class="AfghantediaList"><small><a href="../pages/History.CivilWar.shtm"><font color="#0000FF"><u>The 
        Afghan Civil War.</u></font></a></small></li>
    </ul>
  </ul>
</ul>
<h1>&nbsp;</h1>